What social insurance covers
A GOSI contribution is not a payroll tax but compulsory insurance funding three branches: the pension branch, which pays retirement, disability, and survivor benefits; the occupational hazards branch, covering work injuries and occupational illness; and SANED, which pays temporary unemployment compensation.
Rates therefore differ by branch and by who is covered. Saudis are covered by all three branches; non-Saudis are covered by occupational hazards alone.